Introduction to Stucco

Stucco is a type of plastering material that is mostly used on the exterior parts of structures. It is often associated with plaster having almost the same composition. The only significant difference is the location where they are used. Both materials are primarily made of lime, sand and water, but plaster is often used inside and stucco outside.

Up until 1824, stucco was strictly a mixture of the materials mentioned above. The invention of Portland cement brought something new to this building material. Portland cement was used instead of lime to give stucco more strength. However, some builders right now still use the lime stucco because it is more durable having the slight capability of permeating water. Modern stucco can easily crack and thus, cannot last very long.

The primary purpose of stucco is to create a finish in a structure, may it be a building or a sculpture. It is commonly applied to outside walls where it can have a decorative effect. Because stucco is unstable if it is still wet, it needs support which can be just the wall or some form of a framework. The use of a lath is often needed while the stucco cures and hardens. A wire mesh was also used to replace the lath beginning in the post-World War II years.

During the long history of stucco, it could not be accurately told how each of the ingredients was measured to come up with a good mixture and how that mixture is applied as a finish for surfaces. Experts can only say that it would always depend on the period and style. Originally, stucco was just applied in one or two layers, but when lath was introduced, it required a thicker layer of stucco.

Stucco also played an important role in some architectural designs. Rococo and Baroque architectures heavily relied on stucco. It was used to smoothen the corners of the walls and ceilings and it also provided artists as a medium to put their masterpieces on. Stucco has also been used for Islamic and Indian architectures.